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Figure 2 | Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer

Figure 2

From: New perspective on targeting the tumor suppressor p53 pathway in the tumor microenvironment to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy

Figure 2

Cellular constituents of the tumor microenvironment that shape the immunological landscape of tumor. The tumor microenvironment consists of complex molecular and cellular constituents. Tumor regression or progression is dictated by its immunological landscape, i.e. activated antitumor immunity or tumor-induced immune tolerance/immunosuppression, which is reflected by the activation status of T and B lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and other myeloid derived cells. Importantly, the immunological landscape is also greatly impacted by cells of the non-hematopoietic compartment, including cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and endothelial cells of the lymphatic and blood vasculature. Moreover, p53 inactivation has been reported to occur in various cells within the tumor microenvironment, such as CAFs, which further promotes immunosuppression and augmented tumor progression. Therefore, targeted activation of the p53 pathway to enhance antitumor immunity should not limited to tumor cells, but extend to cellular compartments of the CAFs and potentially immune cells as well.

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