Fig. 1From: Immuno-thermal ablations – boosting the anticancer immune response a Indirect ablative damage triggers apoptotic cell death and does not induce co-stimulator expression on DCs. In contrast, direct ablative damage releases DAMPs that activate the NF-κβ pathway and induce co-stimulator expression in DCs, thereby promoting the activation and proliferation of T cells [2, 3, 7, 12, 13]. b Legend for Figs. 1 and 2 Back to article page