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Table 2 Summary of assays and response rates in immune checkpoint inhibitor trials in metastatic renal cell carcinoma

From: Biomarkers of immunotherapy in urothelial and renal cell carcinoma: PD-L1, tumor mutational burden, and beyond

Ref

CPI

Drug

Target

Antibody for PD-L1 IHC Assay

Definition of PD-L1 positivity

ORR (PD-L1+)

ORR (PD-L1-)

ORR All Patients

[14]

Single Agent

Nivolumab

PD-1

Rabbit 28–8 (Dako)

PD-L1 ≥ 5% (TC)

45% (13/29)

18% (14/78)

25% (27/107)

[18]

Single Agent

Atezolizumab

PD-L1

Rabbit SP142 (Ventana)

IHC 1/2/3 ICa

18% (6/33)

9% (2/22)

15% (8/55)

[25]

Combinationb

Nivolumab and Ipilimumab

PD-1 and CTLA-4

Rabbit 28–8 (Dako)

PD-L1 ≥ 1% (TC)

58% (58/100)

37% (105/284)

42% (163/384)

  1. TC tumor cells, IC percentage of PD-L1 positive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, ORR overall response rate
  2. aIHC 1 is ≥1%, IHC 2 is ≥5%, IHC 3 is ≥10%
  3. bIMDC Intermediate/poor risk
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