Table 1 Predictive factors for time to progression

Univariate analysis

RR (95% CI)

P

 Age at diagnosis (years), continuous

1.00 (0.96–1.04)

0.855

 Sex (F vs. M)

0.92 (0.50–1.71)

0.802

 Durie-Salmon stage at diagnosis (III vs. II)

1.29 (0.54–3.08)

0.567

 ISS stage at diagnosis (III vs. I-II)

0.64 (0.29–1.39)

0.257

 Cytogenetics (high risk vs. standard)

1.81 (0.80–4.08)

0.155

 Immunoglobulin type (others vs. light chain only)

2.27 (1.04–4.93)

0.039

 Myeloma bone disease on plain radiographs (no vs. yes)

1.69 (0.89–3.919)

0.107

 Cr at diagnosis (mg/dL), (≥2 vs. < 2)

0.61 (0.29–1.28)

0.189

 Hb at diagnosis (g/dL), (≥8.5 vs. < 8.5)

0.58 (0.31–1.08)

0.084

 Ca at diagnosis (mg/dL), (≥10 vs. < 10)

1.01 (0.49–2.07)

0.985

 β2-microglobulin at diagnosis (mg/dL), (≥5.5 vs. < 5.5)

0.60 (0.28–1.31)

0.199

 Albumin at diagnosis (mg/dL), (≥3.5 vs. < 3.5)

0.58 (0.31–1.08)

0.083

 LDH at diagnosis (U/L), (≥450 vs. < 450)

1.20 (0.60–2.43)

0.607

Multivariate analysis

RR (95% CI)

P

 Immunoglobulin type (others vs. light chain only)

2.01 (0.77–5.24)

0.153

 Hb at diagnosis (g/dL), (≥8.5 vs. < 8.5)

0.79 (0.40–1.58)

0.507

 Albumin at diagnosis (mg/dL), (≥3.5 vs. < 3.5)

0.60 (0.30–1.020)

0.148

 Pre-ASCT M-MDSC frequency (Low vs. high)

0.49 (0.24–0.99)

0.045