Fig. 6

HMGB1 induced release of CXCL11 depends on the activation of NF-κB. a, b, c, d Phosphorylation of NF-κB was assessed in A549 cells or cell lysates by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry or western blotting with anti-phosphorylated NF-κΒ antibody as described in methods. The ratio of phosphorylated -NF-κB p65 to NF-κB p65 (p-p65/p65) was calculated. Scale bars, 10 μm. e Effects of NF-κB inhibitor on expression of CXCL11 induced by DOC treatment in A549 cells. Data are given as means ± SEM. Significant differences between each group are indicated by **P < 0.0001 or *P < 0.05. Experiments were independently repeated three times and representative results are shown