Fig. 1

Tumor cell-derived IL-1 has a key role in TSLP secretion by CAFs. a TSLP secretion by CAFs (n = 18) either untreated (NT) or treated with the indicated cytokines (20 ng/ml). Each symbol refers to a single experiment and represents the mean of duplicate determinations. Significance was determined using Mann Whitney test. b TSLP secretion by CAFs in the absence (NT) or in the presence of increasing doses of recombinant IL-1α, IL-1β and TNF-α. Significance was determined using Mann Whitney test. c TSLP secretion by CAFs (n = 14) either untreated (NT) or treated with supernatants of necrotic IL-1 negative (IL-1-) (n = 16) or positive (IL-1+) (n = 26) tumor cells. Each symbol refers to a single experiment and represents the mean of duplicate determinations. Significance was determined using Mann Whitney test. d TSLP secretion by CAFs induced by necrotic tumor cell-derived supernatants in the absence (NT) or in the presence of the indicated neutralizing Abs or isotype control Abs or the IL-1RA (Anakinra). Representative experiments performed with the indicated tumor cell lines. Error bars represent standard deviations of triplicate values. Significance was determined using Student’s t-test. e Cumulative results: each dot refers to a single experiment and represents the percentage of inhibition calculated on the value of TSLP secretion in the presence of the isotype control antibody. f TSLP secretion by CAFs either untreated or stimulated with the supernatant of necrotic Hs766T cells after treatment with IL-1α/IL-1β siRNA or negative control siRNA. Treatment of CAFs with recombinant IL-1α + IL-1β (20 ng/ml each) in the absence or in the presence of anakinra were used as controls. Error bars represent standard deviations of triplicate values. Significance was determined using Student’s t-test. Values significantly different were indicated as: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001