Fig. 2From: High numbers of activated helper T cells are associated with better clinical outcome in early stage vulvar cancer, irrespective of HPV or p53 statusThe T-cell infiltration pattern can be used to classify VSCC into four categories. Categorization of the VSCC based on the pattern of T-cell infiltration was done according to literature [32, 33]. Depicted are four representative examples of T-cell infiltration patterns: designated immune-inflamed (a), ādeserted (b), āaltered excluded (c) and -altered immunosuppressed (d). Altered-excluded tumors show more T cells at the invasive border rather than in the middle of the stroma. Redā=āCD3, whiteā=ākeratin (epithelial area)Back to article page