Table 1 Pros and Cons of using each TAA in the development of CAR-T cells in prostate cancer
From: CAR-T cell therapy: a potential new strategy against prostate cancer
TAA | Description | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|---|
PSA | Serine protease | 1) Almost exclusively expressed by prostate epithelial cells 2) Stimulates cytotoxic lymphocytes in vivo [45] | It is a prostate-specific but not tumor-specific antigen |
PAP | Tyrosine phosphatase protein | 1) Secreted by benign and malignant prostate cells 2) Stimulates CTLs in vivo [45] | 1) More highly expressed in Gleason score 6 and 7 tumors than in higher Gleason score tumors. 2) Expressed in the placenta, kidneys and testes, and also in gastric, breast and colon cancer |
PSCA | Serine protease | Expression increases with both high Gleason score and metastasis | PSCA has also been found expressed in other cancer types |
PSMA | Transmembrane protein | Enhances cytokine production | Also expressed in low levels in salivary glands, brain and kidneys |
EpCAM | Transmembrane protein | Show significance as a biomarker for early cancer development | Not a prostate cancer- specific antigen |