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Table 1 Patients with pericardial effusion under nivolumab: demographic and clinical characteristics

From: Pericardial effusion under nivolumab: case-reports and review of the literature

 

All patients

(n = 16)

Previous cases

(n = 13)

This work

(n = 3)

 

n

%

n

%

n

Patient’s characteristics

 Male

12

(75)

11

(86)

1

 

 Age (years ± SD)

63

±7

64

±7

59

±4

 Smoker

11

(69)

8

(62)

3

 

Type of tumour

 S-NSCLC

2

(13)

2

(15)

0

 

 A-NSCLC

13

(81)

10

(77)

3

 

 SCLC

1

(6)

1

(8)

0

 

Stage

 IIIb

4

(25)

4

(31)

0

 

 IV

12

(75)

9

(69)

3

 

 Malignant pericardial effusion

8

(50)

6

(46)

2

 

n-line therapy

 2

10

(63)

7

(54)

3

 

 3

3

(19)

3

(23)

0

 

  > 3

2

(13)

2

(15)

0

 

Previous therapeutics

 Thoracic irradiation

10

(63)

7

(54)

3

 

 Cisplatin

6

(38)

5

(38)

1

 

 Carboplatin

11

(69)

9

(69)

2

 

 Paclitaxel

3

(19)

3

(23)

0

 

 Pemetrexed

9

(56)

7

(54)

2

 

 Etoposide

2

(13)

2

(15)

0

 

 Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

3

(19)

3

(23)

0

 

 Bevacizumab

3

(19)

3

(23)

0

 

 Othersa

5

(31)

4

(31)

1

 

Pericardial effusion

 Time of onset (cycles, median (range))

5

(1–35)

5

(1–24)

6

(4–35)

Initial symptoms

 Dyspnea

11

(69)

9

(69)

2

 

 Chest pain

3

(19)

3

(23)

0

 

 Shock

5

(31)

4

(31)

1

 

 Respiratory failure

4

(25)

3

(23)

1

 

 Tachycardia

5

(31)

5

(38)

0

 

 Tamponade

13

(81)

11

(85)

2

 

 Asymptomatic

2

(13)

1

(8)

1

 

 Othersb

3

(19)

2

(15)

1

 

Treatment

 

 Pericardiocentesis

11

(69)

10

(77)

1

 

 Pericardial window

5

(31)

4

(31)

1

 

 Surgical drainage

2

(13)

1

(8)

1

 

 Corticosteroids

7

(44)

5

(38)

2

 

 Colchicine

2

(13)

1

(8)

1

 

Nivolumab use

 Stopped

10

(63)

8

(62)

2

 

 Continued

2

(13)

2

(15)

0

 

 Stopped and Resumed

4

(25)

3

(23)

1

 

Outcome

 Progression

1

(6)

0

(0)

1

 

 Pseudoprogression

8

(50)

7

(54)

1

 

 Resolution of pericardial effusion

12

(75)

9

(69)

3

 

 Other IrAEs

7

(44)

5

(38)

2

 

 Recurrent pericardial effusion

3

(19)

3

(23)

0

 

 Hypothyroiditis

2

(13)

2

(15)

0

 

 Colitis

2

(13)

0

(0)

2

 

 Pneumonitis

1

(6)

1

(8)

0

 

Pericardial fluid cytology

 Malignant cells

6

(38)

6

(46)

0

 

 Leukocytes

8

(50)

6

(46)

2

 

 Serosanguinous

7

(44)

6

(46)

1

 

Pericardial biopsy

 Malignant cells

0

(0)

0

(0)

0

 

 Lymphocytes

4

(25)

3

(23)

1

 

 Atypical cells

2

(13)

1

(8)

1

 

 Inflammation

5

(31)

5

(38)

0

 

 Fibrosis

4

(25)

4

(31)

0

 

 Fibrinous

3

(19)

3

(23)

0

 

 Mesothelial hyperplasia

2

(13)

1

(8)

1

 
  1. Data are given as absolute value with percentage for all patients (n = 16), for patients from case reports reported in the literature (n = 13) and from our 3 cases
  2. aTopotecan, Everolimus, Temozolamide, Docetaxel, Gemcitabine, Vinorelbine, S-1
  3. bCaughing (1), Fever (1), cardiac arrest (1)