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Fig. 4 | Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

Fig. 4

From: Ginseng-derived nanoparticles alter macrophage polarization to inhibit melanoma growth

Fig. 4

GDNPs inhibit M2 macrophage-promoted tumor cell growth in vitro. a B16F10 cells were cultured in the presence of conditioned medium prepared from M2 macrophages treated or untreated with GDNPs for 24 h, and apoptosis was evaluated by FACS using Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining. Corresponding quantitative data of the percentages of apoptotic cells is shown below. b B16F10 cells in the abovementioned cultures were stained for caspase 3/7 expression (green). The cell nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst33342 (blue) (Scale bar = 20 μm). c ROS production was measured in M2-like macrophages treated with or without GDNPs (10 μg/ml) for 48 h by FACS (left). Quantitative data is shown in the graph on the right. d Hydrogen peroxide was quantified in the medium from M2 macrophages treated with or without GDNPs with a colorimetric hydrogen peroxide detection kit. The results represent three independent experiments as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with M2; evaluated using Student’s t test (a, c, d)

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