Fig. 2

PET-CT scans obtained before and during patient’s treatment course. The initial scan (a) was obtained prior to immunotherapy treatment, and the subsequent scan (b) was performed after initiation of immunotherapy. Both (b) and (b) were performed at baseline renal function, and results of the scans show normal renal parenchymal FDG uptake and expected excretion of FDG into the renal pelvises. The third scan (c) was obtained during the patient’s AKI, and demonstrates markedly increased FDG uptake within the renal parenchyma compared to (a) and (b). Following steroid treatment and recovery of renal function, a fourth scan (d) was obtained, showing a return to baseline renal parenchymal FDG uptake, consistent with resolution of interstitial inflammation. Abbreviations: PET-CT positron emission tomography–computed tomography, FDG fluorodeoxyglucose