Case Reports

Section edited by Alfred Zippelius, MD

Reports on unusual or unexpected clinical cases that expand the field of general medical knowledge. Includes information on an unexpected association between diseases or symptoms, an unexpected event in the course of observing or treating a patient, findings that shed new light on the possible pathogenesis of the disease or an adverse effect, unique or rare features of the disease, and/or a unique therapeutic approach.

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  1. Case report

    Macrophage type 2 differentiation in a patient with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma to the cervical lymph nodes

    The tumor microenvironment often polarizes infiltrating macrophages towards a type 2, or M2 phenotype, that is characterized by expression of various cysteine-rich, scavenger receptors, including CD163. The pr...

    Michael C. Topf, Madalina Tuluc, Larry A. Harshyne and Adam Luginbuhl

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:60

    Published on: 18 July 2017

  4. Case report

    Angiosarcoma treated successfully with anti-PD-1 therapy - a case report

    Angiosarcomas are tumors of malignant endothelial origin that have a poor prognosis with a five-year survival of less than 40%. These tumors can be found in all age groups, but are more common in older patient...

    Simran Sindhu, Lana H. Gimber, Lee Cranmer, Ali McBride and Andrew S. Kraft

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:58

    Published on: 18 July 2017

  5. Case report

    Acute interstitial nephritis after sequential ipilumumab - nivolumab therapy of metastatic melanoma

    The anti-Programmed Death receptor 1 (anti-PD-1) antibodies nivolumab and pembrolizumab are new treatments in metastatic melanoma. Immunotherapies are best known to be responsible for thrombotic microangiopath...

    Lea Bottlaender, Anne-Laure Breton, Louis de Laforcade, Frederique Dijoud, Luc Thomas and Stephane Dalle

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:57

    Published on: 18 July 2017

  6. Case report

    Nivolumab as salvage treatment in a patient with HIV-related relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma and liver failure with encephalopathy

    We report the first case to our knowledge of a patient with relapsed/refractory classical hodgkin lymphoma and liver failure with encephalopathy along with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficienc...

    Jose D. Sandoval-Sus, Francis Mogollon-Duffo, Ankita Patel, Nathan Visweshwar, Damian A. Laber, Richard Kim and Michael V. Jagal

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:49

    Published on: 20 June 2017

  7. Case report

    Safe and effective administration of T-VEC in a patient with heart transplantation and recurrent locally advanced melanoma

    Immunotherapy plays a key role in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Patients with autoimmune conditions and/or on immunosuppressive therapy due to orthotropic transplants, however, are systematically exclu...

    Gustavo Schvartsman, Kristen Perez, Jill E. Flynn, Jeffrey N. Myers and Hussein Tawbi

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:45

    Published on: 20 June 2017

  8. Case report

    Cerebral vasculitis mimicking intracranial metastatic progression of lung cancer during PD-1 blockade

    Stimulation of the immune system by targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can result in activation of anti-tumor immunity. Besides its clinical benefit immune checkpoint therapy leads to significant immune-related ...

    Heinz Läubli, Jürgen Hench, Michal Stanczak, Ingmar Heijnen, Alexandros Papachristofilou, Stephan Frank, Alfred Zippelius and Frank Stenner-Liewen

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:46

    Published on: 20 June 2017

  9. Case report

    Nivolumab-induced autoimmune diabetes mellitus presenting as diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient with metastatic lung cancer

    Advances in cancer immunotherapy have generated encouraging results in multiple malignancies refractory to standard chemotherapies. As the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) proliferates, the incidence ...

    James Luke Godwin, Shuchie Jaggi, Imali Sirisena, Pankaj Sharda, Ajay D. Rao, Ranee Mehra and Colleen Veloski

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:40

    Published on: 16 May 2017

  11. Case report

    Long-term complete remission with ipilimumab in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer: case report of two patients

    Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men and the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Although major progress has been achieved in the last years for patients with metastatic cas...

    Luc Cabel, Elika Loir, Gwenaelle Gravis, Pernelle Lavaud, Christophe Massard, Laurence Albiges, Giulia Baciarello, Yohann Loriot and Karim Fizazi

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:31

    Published on: 18 April 2017

  12. Case report

    Ipilimumab-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)

    CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4) was the first immune checkpoint receptor clinically targeted for use in cancer treatment. It is expressed exclusively on T-cells where its primary role is t...

    Jeanelle King, Javier de la Cruz and Jose Lutzky

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:19

    Published on: 21 March 2017

  13. Case report

    Immunotherapy-associated autoimmune hemolytic anemia

    Immunotherapy has been widely used in the treatment of several solid and hematologic malignancies. Checkpoint inhibitors have been the forefront of cancer immunotherapy in recent years. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-...

    Uqba Khan, Farman Ali, Muhammad Siddique Khurram, Awais Zaka and Tarik Hadid

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:15

    Published on: 21 February 2017

  14. Case report

    Nivolumab induced myxedema crisis

    Nivolumab is an anti-programmed cell death (anti-PD-1) monoclonal antibody that is approved by Food and Drug Administration for treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, metastatic melanoma, relapsed...

    Uqba Khan, Humaira Rizvi, Dahlia Sano, Jane Chiu and Tarik Hadid

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:13

    Published on: 21 February 2017

  15. Case report

    PD-1 blockade induces remissions in relapsed classical Hodgkin lymphoma following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

    Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and checkpoint blockade therapy are immune-based therapies that have activity in selected refractory hematologic malignancies. Interest has developed in combi...

    James Godfrey, Michael R. Bishop, Sahr Syed, Elizabeth Hyjek and Justin Kline

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:11

    Published on: 21 February 2017

  16. Case report

    Thrombocytopenia in patients with melanoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy

    Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including antibodies against programmed death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), are being used with increasing frequency for the treatment of cancer. Immune-...

    Eileen Shiuan, Kathryn E. Beckermann, Alpaslan Ozgun, Ciara Kelly, Meredith McKean, Jennifer McQuade, Mary Ann Thompson, Igor Puzanov, John P. Greer, Suthee Rapisuwon, Michael Postow, Michael A. Davies, Zeynep Eroglu and Douglas Johnson

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:8

    Published on: 21 February 2017

  17. Case report

    Interstitial nephritis in melanoma patients secondary to PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor

    Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the first line therapy in melanoma treatment and their use is extending to other malignancies. However, we are still learning about immune side effects produced by thes...

    Julia Escandon, Stephanie Peacock, Asaad Trabolsi, David B. Thomas, Ayman Layka and Jose Lutzky

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:3

    Published on: 17 January 2017

  18. Case report

    Sarcoidosis in the setting of combination ipilimumab and nivolumab immunotherapy: a case report & review of the literature

    We report a case of sarcoidosis in a patient with metastatic melanoma managed with combination ipilimumab/nivolumab. Sarcoid development has been linked with single agent immunotherapy but, to our knowledge, i...

    Joshua E. Reuss, Paul R. Kunk, Anne M. Stowman, Alejandro A. Gru, Craig L. Slingluff Jr. and Elizabeth M. Gaughan

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2016 4:94

    Published on: 20 December 2016

  19. Case report

    Genetic risk analysis of a patient with fulminant autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus secondary to combination ipilimumab and nivolumab immunotherapy

    Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy is becoming an effective treatment modality for an increasing number of malignancies. As a result, autoinflammatory side-effects are also being observed more commonly in the ...

    Jared R. Lowe, Daniel J. Perry, April K. S. Salama, Clayton E. Mathews, Larry G. Moss and Brent A. Hanks

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2016 4:89

    Published on: 20 December 2016

  20. Case report

    Metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma response to nivolumab

    Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine malignancy with limited treatment options. Several lines of evidence support the programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) ...

    Frances M. Walocko, Benjamin Y. Scheier, Paul W. Harms, Leslie A. Fecher and Christopher D. Lao

    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2016 4:79

    Published on: 15 November 2016

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:27

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